秸秆还田配施化肥与秸秆腐熟剂对玉米土壤微生物的影响

Effect of Straw Returning Field Combined With Chemical Fertilizer and Straw Decomposing Agent on Soil Microbes In Maize

通过田间小区试验,研究了小麦秸秆还田配施肥料与秸秆腐熟剂对玉米土壤微生物数量及碳源利用能力的影响。结果表明,与秸秆还田未施肥处理(T1)相比,秸秆还田优化施肥加秸秆腐熟剂处理(T4)可显著提高土壤细菌、放线菌数量和微生物生物量碳、氮含量,可提高玉米土壤氨氧化细菌(AOB)、氨氧化古菌(AOA)和纤维分解菌相对丰度,但降低土壤真菌数量以及土壤微生物对糖类、胺类等碳源的利用能力,碳源利用多样性指数也降低。说明秸秆还田配施不同肥料及秸秆腐熟剂可改变土壤微生物数量,调节土壤微生物种群结构,从而对植物生长产生一定的影响。

Through the field plot experiment,the effects of wheat straw returning with fertilizer and straw decomposing agent on the microbial quantity and carbon source utilization capacity of maize soil were studied.The results showed that compared with the straw fertilization treatment(T1),the straw returning field optimized fertilization plus straw decomposing agent treatment(T4)can significantly increase the number of soil bacteria,actinomycetes and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,while increase the relative abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB),ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)and fiber-decomposing bacteria in maize soil,but reduce the amount of soil fungi and the ability of soil microorganisms to utilize carbon sources such as sugars and amines;and the diversity of carbon source utilization also reduced.It is indicated that the application of different fertilizers and straw decomposing agents to change the amount of soil microorganisms and regulate the soil microbial population structure will have certain effects on plant growth.