河北省常栽平菇种质资源评价

Evaluation on Germplasm of Oyster Mushroom Cultivated in Hebei Province

为了解河北省栽培平菇种质资源情况,同时发掘优异种质资源,更好的为平菇育种工作提供基础材料,本研究收集了河北省常栽的平菇品种共83株,通过拮抗试验对其"同物异名"菌株进行初步鉴定;基于ITS序列分析进行分类鉴定.并进一步对体细胞营养非亲和菌株的天然基质生长速率、抗霉力等部分生物学特性进行了测定分析.结果表明:河北省平菇栽培品种"同物异名"现象较为严重,经拮抗试验将83个平菇菌株划分为31个不同营养亲和群;经ITS序列比对分析,31个体细胞营养非亲和菌株中包括15株糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)、9株佛州侧耳(P.floridanus)、2株白黄侧耳(P.cornucopiae)、1株肺形侧耳(P.pulmonarius)及4株未界定种;经生物学特性分析筛选出了2株棉籽壳基质生长最适宜菌株和2株棉柴屑基质生长最适宜菌株,以及7个抗霉能力较强菌株,为后续的定向育种工作提供了优良材料.

In order to evaluate the germplasm of oyster mushroom cultivated in Hebei province and find high-quality strains to be used as breeding samples, eighty-three oyster mushroom strains were collected. Antagonistic test of the 83 strains were employed to identify the same strain with different names. Internal Transcribe Spacer ( ITS) of the tested strains were sequenced to identify the molecular species. Mycelial growth rate on two natural substrates and antibacterial action to Trichoderma of the vegetative incompatible strains was determined. The results showed that the 83 tested strains were divided into 31 vegetative com?patibility groups including 15 strains of Pleurotus ostreatus,9 strains of P.floridanus,2 strains of P.cornu?copiae,one strain of P.pulmonarius and 4 strains of uncertain species. Two strains were screened that were most suitable for growing on cottonseed hull and two strains on cotton stalk. Seven strains were showed ex?cellent resistance to Trichoderma.These strains can be used as excellent samples for future breeding study.