肌卫星细胞与其微环境作用及其活化增殖相关通路的研究进展

Research advances of muscle satellite cells on the cell-microenvironment interaction and pathway of activation and proliferation

肌卫星细胞(SC)是位于骨骼肌基膜与肌纤维细胞膜之间的肌源性干细胞,在刺激因素干预下能够分化形成成熟的肌纤维或者融入受损的肌组织,在骨骼肌的生长、损伤修复、功能维持以及组织再生过程中有着重要作用。随着分子生物学的研究进展,越来越多的研究表明SC与其微环境的相互作用以及相关信号通路的激活是肌肉损伤后再生修复过程的关键。本文就SC与其微环境的相互作用、增殖活化相关的经典信号通路以及临床应用前景进行综述,以期推动更有针对性和准确性的临床应用。

Muscle satellite cells(satellite cells,SCs)are heterogeneous collection of myogenic stem cells located underneath the basal lamina and adjacent to the plasma membrane of the skeletal muscle myofiber.SCs can differentiate into mature muscle fiber or fuse into damaged muscle tissue when intervened by stimulus factors and mediate the processes including skeletal muscle growth and repair as well as maintenance and regeneration.With the development of molecular biology,more and more researches suggest that the interaction between SC and its microenvironment and the activation of related signal pathway are key points in muscle regeneration after injury.In this paper,the mechanism of interaction between SC and its microenvironment,the classical proliferation and activation related signaling pathway and the prospect of clinical application are reviewed,to provide relevant basis for the further study of SC to promote more targeted and accurate clinical application.