聚氨酯/水滑石杂化物纳米复合材料的结构与性能

Structure and properties of polyurethane/organic-layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

将负离子水性聚氨酯与锌铝水滑石通过超声共混的方法,得到改性锌铝水滑石杂化物(OLDH),再将其与聚醚多元醇、多元异氰酸酯共混反应,以二甲硫基甲苯二胺为扩链剂,制备聚氨酯(PU)/OLDH纳米复合材料。结果表明,当OLDH的质量分数小于2%时,OLDH均匀地分散在PU基体中,二者相容性较好。相比于PU,当OLDH的质量分数为1%时,PU/OLDH纳米复合材料的拉伸强度增强了33.4%;当OLDH的质量分数为2%时,撕裂强度和扯断伸长率分别提高了8.3%和35.7%。相比于PU,PU/OLDH纳米复合材料质量损失率为50%时的温度约升高21℃,玻璃化转变温度升高4.4℃。

Modified zinc-aluminium hydrotalcite hybrid(OLDH) was synthesized by blending anionic waterborne polyurethane with zinc-aluminium hydrotalcite by ultrasound. Then it was blended with polyether polyols and polyisocyanates to prepare polyurethane(PU)/OLDH nanocomposites using dimethylthio-toluene diamine as chain extender. The results showed that when the mass fraction of OLDH was less than 2%, OLDH was uniformly dispersed in PU matrix, and the compatibility between them was good. Compared with PU, the tensile strength of PU/OLDH nanocomposites increased by 33.4% when the mass fraction of OLDH was 1%. While the tear strength and elongation at break increased by 8.29% and 35.70% respectively when the mass fraction of OLDH was 2%.Compared with PU, the temperature at the mass loss rate of 50% increased by 21 ℃ and glass transition temperature increased by 4.4 ℃, when the mass fraction of OLDH was 2%.