振荡浮子式波能俘获装置模型试验研究

Experiment research on oscillating floater wave energy capture devices

针对目前波浪能发电装置能量转化效率较低的问题,设计并制作了圆台形浮子作为能量摄取机构,采取物理模型试验方法,对浮子周围的波浪场要素、俘能系统所受水平波浪力和浮子垂向加速度等进行了同步测量,研究了入射波波高、周期和浮子初始吃水深度等因素对俘能系统工作性能的影响.结果表明:浮子系统所受水平波浪力和垂向加速度与入射波波高成正相关,与周期呈负相关;波陡一定时,适当增加浮子初始吃水对浮子系统所受水平波浪力具有正向激励作用,对浮子垂向加速度影响较小;大波高条件下,俘能装置吸收效率随波陡增加而增加;小波高时,装置吸收效率随波陡增加先增加后减小;波陡较大时,浮子入水截面半径的变化对俘能系统吸收效率影响较大;随着波陡减小,浮子浸没深度对俘能系统吸收效率影响程度增强.

In view of the current low energy conversion efficiency of wave energy generating devices,a cone shaped oscillating floater is designed and produced as an energy intake mechanism,and the physical model test method is used to measure the wave field elements around the float,the horizontal wave force of the energy harvesting system and the acceleration of the floater.The influence of wave height and period of wave and initial draught depth of the floater on the performance of the energy harvesting system is studied.It is found that the horizontal wave force of the energy harvesting system and vertical acceleration of the floater are positively correlated with the wave height,and negatively correlated with the wave.When the wave steepness is fixed,a proper increase of the initial draft of the float has a positive effect on the horizontal wave force of the float system and little effect on the vertical acceleration of the floater.Under the condition of large wave height,the absorption efficiency of the trapping device increases with the increase of the wave steepness.When the wavelets are high,the absorption efficiency of the device increases first,and then decreases with the increase of the wave steepness.When the wave steep is large,the change of the radius of the section of the floater has a great influence on the absorption efficiency of the trap system.As the wave steepness decreases,the influence of the soaked depth of the float on the absorption efficiency of the trapping system is enhanced.