货运代理人之同时履行抗辩权辨析——兼议《最高人民法院关于审理海上货运代理纠纷案件若干问题的规定》第7条

Analysis on freight forwarder’s defense right of simultaneous performance:Sub-analysis on article 7 of the Provisions on a Certain Number of Problems of Supreme People’s Court concerning the Trial of Cases Related to Sea Freight Forwarding

海上货运代理人在国际贸易中参与货物的整个运输过程,普遍存在的争议之一就是未成功收取运输相关费用时,货运代理人行使同时履行抗辩权拒绝交付提单及相关运输单证,以促使委托人支付相关费用的合法性问题。《最高人民法院关于审理海上货运代理纠纷案件若干问题的规定》(以下简称《司法解释》)第7条对货运代理人扣留提单及相关运输单证的行为作出了具体规范。本文旨在结合我国《合同法》的相关规定,对货运代理人享有的同时履行抗辩权进行简要探析,并对《司法解释》第7条规定阐述不同意见。

Sea freight forwarders take part in the whole transportation process of cargo during the international trade.One of the controversies is the legal problem when the freight forwarders refuse to delivery transportation documents such as bill of lading before collecting fees arising from the transportation from the consigner.The Supreme Court promulgated the Provisions on a Certain Number of Problems concerning the Trial of Cases Related to Sea Freight Forwarding(hereinafter referred to as"the Judicial Interpretation"),the article 7 in which stipulates guidelines concerning the behavior of freight forwarders in detaining the transportation documents such as bill of lading.This thesis is aimed at making a brief analysis on the defense right of simultaneous performance enjoyed by the freight forwarders on the basis of Contract Law and putting forward different opinions on the article 7 of"the Judicial Interpretation".