民主的多重面向:杜威Democracy and Education中文译名的世纪流变

Faces of Democracy: Chinese Translation of Dewey's Democracy and Education

百年来,中国学者在译介杜威名著Democracy and Education时,对其书名翻译多有不同,前后有近十种译名之别,致使杜威民主教育思想在中国传播过程中呈现出多重面向。从20世纪10-20年代流行的"平民主义与教育"译介到30年代流行的"民本主义与教育"译介再到40年代起流行的"民主主义与教育"译介,杜威Democracy and Education在不同的时代背景下总是受社会思潮的影响发生着某种转译嬗变,以契合时代发展需要。总的来说,该书在中国长达百年的译介传播并非只是一次比一次更逼真复现杜威文本思想的过程,而是在时空交错的历史长河中伴随转变着的社会情境一次又一次不断被重新阐释的过程。在新时期,还需注重结合当前社会情境对Democracy and Education进行转化性阐释,以适应时代变革图新需要进而揭示其当代意涵。

In the past hundred years,Chinese scholars have translated the booktitle of Dewey’s Democracy and Education into almost ten different versions, which resulted in many faces of Dewey’s democractic education thought. From the popular Chinese version 'ping min zhu yi yu jiao yu'in the 1910 s-1920 s to 'min ben zhu yi yu jiao yu' in the 1930 s and 'min zhu zhu yi yu jiao yu' in the 1940 s till now,the Chinese translation of Dewey’s Democracy and Education has been changing under the influence of social transformation in different times,in response to social development. Generally speaking, the translating and dissemination process of Democracy and Education in the past century is not only creating a more and more lifelike repetition of Dewey’s text thought,but re-creating a stronger interpretation with the changing social contexts of time and space. In the new era, Dewey’s Democracy and Education still needs to be translated into a transformative interpretation to adapt to the new change of the times and reveal its contemporary implications.