杜威在华经验考述(1919—1921):中国是如何改变杜威的?

John Dewey's Experience in China (1919-1921): How China Changed Dewey

在1920年代初期,将杜威称作国际主义者是确定无疑的事实。毕竟,那时他业已到访过日本、俄罗斯、墨西哥、土耳其和中国。在所有这些地方当中,他在中国停留的时间最长——两年两个月——并且书写最多的也是他在中国的经历。令人遗憾的是,太多的文献都在讨论杜威如何影响中国。本文将聚焦于"中国是如何影响杜威的"这一问题。特别需要指明的是,本文解释了杜威构思经验(提供了一个他称之为"经验形而上学"的名目)的过程,以便弄清杜威是如何体会他自己的访华经验的。

In the early 1920 s, to call John Dewey an internationalist would be to state the obvious. He had travelled to Japan, Russia, Mexico, Turkey and China. Of all these places, he stayed in China the longest—two years and two months(May 1919 to July 1921)—and wrote the most about his experiences there. Unfortunately, too much of the literature addresses how Dewey influenced China. What the author focuses on in this article is how China influenced Dewey instead. Specifically, he explains how Dewey conceived experience—offering an account of his so-called 'metaphysics of experience'—in order to then appreciate how Dewey appreciated his own China experience.