恩格斯哲学视阈中历史唯物主义的“现代性”

Analysis on Modernity of Historical Materialism from Perspective of Engels' Philosophy

历史唯物主义的现代性是当代历史唯物主义研究的一个热门话题。通常认为诞生于19世纪中叶的历史唯物主义的现代性集中体现在它对现代资本主义社会内在矛盾的揭示和对现代资本主义的深入批判。其实,在恩格斯的哲学理论视阈中,历史唯物主义不仅作为现代资本主义社会的批判理论而获得现代性,而且作为"现代唯物主义"哲学的一个有机组成部分而被赋予现代性。这种现代性主要体现在唯物主义的彻底性、思维方式的辩证性、理论旨趣的实践性、理论品格的科学性等方面。从恩格斯有关历史唯物主义现代性的论述来看,他的思想具有极为丰富的理论内涵,因而能够同时兼容不同的维度。

The modernity of historical materialism is a hot topic in the field of contemporary historical materialism.It is generally believed that the modernity of historical materialism,which originated in the middle of the 19 th century,is mainly reflected in its revelation of the internal contradictions of modern capitalist society and its deep criticism of modern capitalism.Actually,in the perspective of Engels’philosophical theory,historical materialism not only gained modernity as the critical theory of modern capitalist society,but also was endowed with modernity as an organic part of modern materialist philosophy in the first place.The latter modernity is mainly embodied in the thoroughness of materialism,the dialectical thinking mode,the practicality of theoretical purport,the scientificity of theoretical character,and so on.From Engels’discussion on the modernity of historical materialism,his thought has extremely rich theoretical connotation,so it can be compatible with different dimensions at the same time.