再议社会研究领域量化研究和质化研究的关系

Re-discussion On The Relationship Between Quantitative Approach And Qualitative Approach In The Field Of Social Research

在国内外介绍或讨论质性研究的大部分文献中,实证主义往往都被等同于量化研究,质性研究则一般被视为是一种与实证主义对立的社会研究范式。本文的分析却试图说明,实证主义并不等同于量化研究,人文主义也不等同于质化研究。无论是实证主义还是人文主义的研究范式,都可以采用量化或质化两种研究模式。反过来说,无论是量化研究还是质化研究,均既包括了实证主义,也包括了人文主义两种类型。

In most of the literatures that introduce or discuss qualitative research,quantitative approach is often equated with positivism paradigm,and qualitative approach is generally regarded as a social research paradigm that opposes positivism. The analysis of this paper attempts to show that positivism is not the same as quantitative approach,and humanism paradigm is not equivalent to qualitative approach. Both quantitative and qualitative approach can be used within positivism or humanistic paradigms.