还原起点:中国现代文学肇端于南社

Restoration Starting Point: Modern Chinese Literature Originated in Nanshe Group

中国现代文学的肇端是南社及其文学创作,这从该社团与民国建立的关系、其知识分子结构、文学理念和文化影响等可见一斑。中国现代文学界排拒南社,与五四文学的经典化密切相关:一是对"五四"的定位尤其是对鲁迅的定论在中国现代思想史建构中的意识形态意义,成为文学史叙事模式的基点;二是1980年代之后的文学史重写倾向于"现代性",试图将文学从与政治的拉扯中"解救"出来,而南社文学却具有鲜明的政治倾向性;三是南社文人在思想文化上倾向于旧学,从而阻隔了后人对其精神现代性一面的认识;四是南社诗文以文言为主,使其与"五四"白话文学经典化理念相冲突;五是新文学史叙事对通俗文学的否定性批评阻碍了人们对南社的认识。毋庸讳言,"晚清模式"和"20世纪中国文学"等史学概念的提出,既有重要的学术史价值,又存在明显的回避意味。而要还原中国新文学的起点,学术界应当破除以往中国现代文学史书写的偏执,以坦诚的心态、历史地看取南社在中国现代文学肇造中的结构性意义。

The beginning of modern Chinese literature is Nanshe Group and its literary creation,which can be seen from the relationship between Nanshe Group and the Republic of China,its intellectual structure,literary ideas and cultural influence.Nanshe Group rejected by modern Chinese literary circles is closely related to the canonization of the May 4th Literature,because it tends to focus on classical learning,wenyan,politics and so on.Needless to say,the proposition of historical concepts such as'Late Qing Paradigm'and'20 th Century Chinese Literature'has important academic value and at the same time also has evasive significance.To restore the starting point of Chinese new literature,the academic circles should break away from the paranoia in writing the history of modern Chinese literature in the past,and treat historically the structural significance of Nanshe Group in the creation of modern Chinese literature with a frank attitude.