人类学的中国70年——处在一种分合激荡大潮中的学科文化自觉

70 Years of Anthropology in China——Disciplinary Cultural Consciousness in a Rising Tide of Separation and Consolidation

中国的人类学伴随着中华人民共和国的成长已走过了70年的历程。在这个过程中,人类学在民族学与社会学的双重羽翼庇护中内隐了自己的主体意识,并由此形成了在南方的人类学更偏向于民族学,而北方的人类学更偏向于社会学的研究取向。1979年,中国恢复社会学的同时,也为人类学的独立地位这一问题的提出提供了难得的契机,并影响到后来人类学在其他诸多社会科学中的主体地位。人类学的中国时代伴随着一种文化自觉而有大踏步地发展,人类学的包容性和心存异趣为人类学参与世界更大范围的事务提供了一种方法论的前提与基础。中国人类学需要有一种更为强劲的'在一起'的努力去迎接学术文化新时代的到来。

China’s anthropology has gone through 70 years with the founding of the People’s Republic of China.In this process,anthropology implicitly has its own subjective consciousness in the double-wing shelter of Ethnology and Sociology,and thus formed the research orientation of anthropology in the South more inclined to ethnology,while anthropology in the North more inclined to sociology.In 1979,China restored sociology,which also provided a rare opportunity to raise the issue of the independent status of anthropology.The Chinese era of anthropology has witnessed great strides in the development of cultural consciousness.China’s anthropology needs a stronger'together'effort to meet the arrival of a new era of academic culture.