东学西渐:21世纪世界汉学的中心偏移与模式调整

Center Shifting of and Mode Change in World Sinology in the 21st Century

汉学对于中国文化在国际范围内的接受与传播发挥了不可或缺的作用和影响。我们不应该把当前汉学的全球发展和繁荣等同于中国文化的海外繁荣,把汉学家的兴趣等同于世界异质文化对于中国文化的普遍兴趣。在相当长的一段历史时期内,世界汉学中国研究本身的不平衡性会依然存在。国内学术界应逐渐改变'西学东渐'以来的汉学研究的西方中心观,而采取一种'东学西渐'式的中国中心取向,一旦以中国为中心烛照整个汉学研究,海外汉学才能不断发现海内外中国文化研究之间的相通性,并修正因认知差异而导致的各种偏见,才能最终消除本土的中国文化研究与汉学理论形态之间的'双向缺失'状态。

Sinology plays an indispensable role in and exerts a pervasive influence on the acceptance and dissemination of Chinese culture on the international level.However,we should not equate the current global development and prosperity of Sinology with the overseas prosperity of Chinese culture.Neither should we equate sinologists’personal interest in Chinese culture with the universal interest in it evinced by the heterogeneous cultures of the world.In a long period of history,the imbalance in world Chinese studies itself will still exist.The domestic academic circles should gradually change the Western-centered view of research in Sinology since the movement of'disseminating Western learning to the Orient'to a trend of'disseminating Oriental learning to the West'with China as the center.Only when Sinology is studied under the light of China as a center can Sinology overseas discover that efforts in studying Chinese culture made at home and abroad are interlinked,can they correct the biases caused by cognitive differences,and can they eliminate the'bidirectional deletion'that exist between native country’s research in Chinese culture and the theoretical modality of Sinology.