提摩菲维小麦×天兰偃麦草双二倍体的选育及细胞遗传

Cytogenetics and Selection of Amphidiploid Obtained from Triticum Timopheevi×Elyttigia Intermedium

提摩菲维小麦×天兰偃麦草F_1,经秋水仙素处理获双二倍体,根尖染色体数为70,减数分裂中期Ⅰ有35个二价体,形态为两亲的中间型略倾向天兰偃麦草,植株健壮,对小麦多种病害免疫或高抗,抗寒耐干旱、多年生、种子蛋白质含量高,花药育性为80—90％,结实率8.03％,种子千粒重18克。双二倍体种子发芽率为42.1％,结实率与亲本相似或略高于亲本,种子饱满度好于亲本,千粒重22克。为一新的更有经济价值可与小麦杂交的遗传资源。

Amphidiploid is obtained from the F_1 hybrid triticum timopheevi×Elyttigia intermedium through colchicine treatment. The somatic chromosomes in root-tip cell are 2n=10x=70. Several metaphase I of meiosis possesses 35 bivalents. The morphology of amphidiploid is intermediate, tending a little to Elyttigia intermedium. All the plants are vigorous and resist many wheat diseases and infection. They can bear cold and drought. They are perennial plants with seeds containing high protein content Pollen fertility reaches 80-90％, and the ratio of seed set is 8.03％. A thousand seeds weigh 18 g. The ratio of germination of amphidiploid seeds is 42.1％. Their seed set is similar to their parents or more. The plumpness of seeds is better than parents and the weight of a thousand seeds is 22 g. It is a new hereditary source for wheat hybridization.