儿童气管的解剖学观测和临床应用

Anatomical survey on chldren's trachea and its clinical application

目的研究支气管镜操作术的成功率和安全性。方法通过44例儿童尸体观测气管的解剖长度、临床长度和气管的横径、矢状径,并与儿童身高和上部量进行相关分析,另外分析临床资料85例,其中58例在使用支气管镜前做了气管横径、矢状和长度的预测。结果两性儿童的身高和上部量与气管的解剖长度、临床长度、气管内径之间密切相关。结论只要先测量儿童的身高和上部量就可根据他们之间的回归方程计算出气管的长度和内径大小,为临床准确选用气管镜型号和插管的深度提供可靠的依据,从而保证了气管插管的一次性成功率和安全性。

Objective To study the safety rate and success rate of operating tracheoscopy. Methods The clinical and anatomical length and the sagittal and transverse diameter of 44 dead children were studied, which were compared with the height of the children and that of the upper part of the body, The clinical data of 85 cases were analyzed, of those the segittal and transverse diameter and the length of 58 cases were predicted befor giving them a test of tracheoscopy. Results The results showed that the clinical and anatomical length and the segittal and transverse diameter of trachea were significntly related to the height of the children and the height of the upper part of the body. Conclusion The internal conjugata diameter and length of trachea can be calculated according to the height and the height of the upper part of the body of the children measured befor giving the children a test of thracheoscopy, which can provide reliable data for doctors to select a suitable size of fiberoptic bronchoscopy to ensure sfety and success rate of operating tracheoscopy in clinical practice.