1Pemberton JH, Rath DM. Ilstrup DM. Evaluation and surgical treatment of severe chronic constipation.Ann Surg, 1991,214: 403- 411.
2Tucker DM, Sanstead HM, Logan GM,et al. Dietary fiber and personality factors as determinants of stool output. Gastroen- terology,1981,81:879- 883.
3Hill J, Stott S, Maclennan L. Antegrade enemas for the treatment of severe idiopathic constipation. Br J Surg, 1994,81:1490- 1491.
4Rex DK,Lappas JC,Goulet RC,et al. Selection of constipated patients as subtotal colectomy candidates.J Clin Gastroenterol,1992,15,212- 217.
5Fasth S, Hedlund H,Svaninger G,et al. Functional results after subtotal colectomy and caecorectal anastomosis. Acta Chir Scand,1983,149:623- 627.
6Vasilevsky CA, Nemer FD, Balcos EG, et al. Is subtotal colectomy a viable option in the management of chronic constipation? Dis Colon Rectum,1988, 31:679- 681.
7Yoshioka K, Keighley MB. Clinical results of colectomy for severe constipation. Br J Surg ,1989,76:600- 604.
8Beck DE, Jagelman DG, Fazio VW. The surgery of idiopathic constipation. Gastroe- nterol Clin North Am,1987,16:143- 156.
9Kamm MA, Hawley PR, Lennard- Jonea JE. Outcome of colectomy for severe idiopathic constipation. Gut,1988,29:969- 973.
10Zenilman ME, Dunnegan DI, Soper NJ,et al. Successful surgical treatment of idiopathic colonic dysmotility.The role of preoperative evaluation of coloanal motor function.Arch Surg,1989,124:947- 951.