行政审批制度改革:困境及出路——以中国(上海)自由贸易试验区的设立为背景

Reform of the System of Administrative Approval:Dilemma and Solution——in light of the establishment of China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone

行政审批作为我国传统行政管理体制下的产物,尽管历经多轮改革,但仍然面临诸多困境。有效地化解以上困境,需要我们在行政管理、行政法乃至市场经济等领域做出革新。在此方面,自贸区的设立,对于以上领域的革新具有重要的推动作用。自贸区引入的'负面清单'等创新制度,对于政府的管理理念、干预市场主体行为的具体范围等都会带来许多积极影响。借鉴自贸区业已实现以及即将实现的法治改革经验,我国行政审批领域不仅应当在基本理念上从管制行政向服务行政方面转变,而且应当在公共行政的科学化,以及行政审批具体机制、规则的服务化方面作出努力。

There are still various dilemmas existing in the system of administrative approval though it has experienced rounds of reform.We need to introduce the innovations in the areas such as the administrative management,the administrative law and marketoriented economy to effectively tackle the above problems.In this sense,the establishment of the pilot free trade zone can bring with us important impetus to obtain these innovations in such areas.Innovations such as"negative list"introduced by the pilot free trade zone will bring positive influences with the ideal of governmental management,the specific scope of intervening market entities’behavior.Learning from the rule of legal reform experience realized and to be realized in the pilot free trade zone,the administrative approval in China should transfer from regulatory administration to servicing administration,and endeavor to realize the scientific public administration,improvement in the specific mechanism and the rules of administrative approval.