溶剂效应对脱除煤沥青中3,4-苯并芘的影响

Solvent effect on removal of benzo[a]pyrene in coal tar pitch

研究了单种溶剂、混合溶剂对3,4-苯并芘的溶解选择性及煤沥青溶解量。并以顺丁烯二酸酐为改性剂、硫酸为催化剂,考察了溶剂效应对降低煤沥青中3,4-苯并芘的影响。研究表明,环己烷、甲苯,环己烷、乙酸丁酯组成的混合溶剂具有较好的3,4-苯并芘溶解选择性和合适的煤沥青溶解量。当环己烷∶甲苯=2∶1(体积比)和环己烷∶乙酸丁酯=2∶1(体积比)为反应溶剂时,能够高效地脱除煤沥青中3,4-苯并芘,煤沥青中3,4-苯并芘降低率分别达到88.26%和90.83%。其原因认为是此类溶剂能使包裹在沥青颗粒内部的3,4-苯并芘释放出来,且3,4-苯并芘与改性剂能够形成均相反应体系,大部分不具有致癌性的高相对分子质量环芳烃与改性剂之间形成两相体系,从而提高了改性剂与3,4-苯并芘的有效反应。

The solubility selectivity for benzo[a]pyrene and dissolved amount for coal tar pitch of single solvent,mixed solvents were studied. Using maleic anhydride as modifying agent and sulfuric acid as catalyst,the solvent effect on reducing the concentration of benzo[a]pyrene in coal tar pitch was investigated. The mixed solvents,cyclohexane and toluene,cyclohexane and butyl acetate had appropriate benzo[a]pyrene solubility selectivity and coal tar pitch solubility. When using cyclohexane∶toluene=2∶1(v/v),cyclohexane∶butyl acetate=2∶1(v/v)as reaction solvent, benzo[a]pyrene in coal tar pitch could be removed efficiently,with decreases of 88.26%and 90.83%for benzo[a]pyrene in coal tar pitch respectively. Using these kinds of solvent,benzo[a]pyrene wrapped in coal tar pitch could be released. In addition,a homogeneous system between modifying agent and benzo[a]pyrene was formed,with most non-carcinogenic high molecular weight PAHs and modifying agent forming a two phase system. As a result,the effective reaction between modifying agent and benzo[a]pyrene was greatly improved.