深冷混合工质节流制冷机研究进展

Advances in mixed-gases Joule-Thomson refrigerators operating at low temperature ranges

混合工质节流制冷机采用不同沸点组元构成多元混合物作制冷剂,适宜工作在从液氮温度至单级蒸汽压缩循环制冷温度下限的广阔温区,在生物医学、能源、材料甚至国防安全等领域具有广泛而重要的需求。本文简要回顾了作者团队围绕混合工质节流制冷技术方面近20年的研究工作,内容包括:工质筛选,回热换热器工作特性,混合工质节流制冷循环结构热力学优化分析,循环工质变浓度特性,及以-186℃节流制冷深冷冰箱、撬装天然气液化为代表的应用研究等。

Utilizing various refrigerants with different boiling points,multicomponent mixed-gases JouleThomson refrigerators(MJTRs)are suitable for refrigeration applications at temperatures ranging from liquid nitrogen to the lowest effective refrigeration temperature of the single-stage vapor compression refrigeration system.There are extensive and significant requirements for this refrigeration technology in fields of biomaterials,medicine,energy,material sciences,and even the state security.This paper gives a detailed review of our team's achievements on the MJTR for 20 years,including component selection and thermophysic properties of mixed-refrigerants,recuperator features,cycle configuration optimization,composition shift,as well as developments of-186℃ cryo-chamber and skid-mounted natural gas liquefier.