一种逼近卡诺制冷效率的级联脉管法及其两级验证

Cascade pulse tube method approaching Carnot refrigeration efficiency and its two stage verification

理论分析表明,通过多级级联脉管组成的新结构,其理论制冷效率有望达到卡诺效率。给出了这样一种具有传输管声功回收装置的级联型脉管制冷机,传输管能将主级制冷机脉管热端压力波领先质量流的相位扭转为质量流领先压力波,同时实现能量最大化的传输,用以驱动次级制冷机。实验结果表明,两级级联型脉管制冷机在233K工作时,制冷效率比单级结构提高了33%。

Theoretical analysis shows that,for the cascade pulse tube configuration,its ideal cooling efficiency could possibly approach Carnot efficiency.A cascade pulse tube cooler with a built-in transmission tube between stages for energy recovery is suggested in this paper,the transmission tube is able to reverse the phase relation between mass flow and pressure wave and to transfer the acoustic power as much as possible to drive a secondary cooler.Theoretical analysis of an ideal transmission tube is carried out,which shows that it is possible to recover the acoustic power from the former stage to drive a secondary stage by choosing proper size of the tube.To verify this idea,a two stage cascade pulse tube cooler was designed,fabricated and tested.Experimental results show that the efficiency can be improved by 33% when the machine works at 233 K.