《白驹》主旨考证

Theme of White Colt in the Book of Songs

《小雅·白驹》的主旨,迄今为止主要有饯友说、讽刺说、慕贤说、恋情说和留客说。其分歧主要源于对《诗经》的研究方法、对诗歌的历史文化背景、作诗对象身份及"絷""期"两字的理解不同。结合文献对诸侯朝觐礼的记载,探究诗歌文本上下逻辑关系,得出结论:《白驹》是一首燕飨诗,意在昭显天子对诸侯的恩德并警示诸侯安治国家、维护中央集权。

The theme of White Colt has been interpreted as a farewell to friends,a satire,the admiration for worthy people,the expression of love,and a persuasion to stay.Their differences mainly stem from the diverse understandings of research method,historical and cultural background,identity of objects and the explanation of the word '絷' and '期' in the Book of Songs.This paper explores the logic relationship of different parts of text based on the records regarding the pilgrimage of the feudal princes in the literature.It concludes '絷' as binding horse legs for the purpose of taking care of horses,while '期' is an empty word.White Colt is a banquet poem that intends to show the grace of emperor,warn vassal states to rule their states carefully,and safeguard the centralization of state power.