试论韩国雁鸭池出土“策事”简

On Wooden Writing Slips for"Literary Talent Test"Excavated From Anapchi Pond of South Korea

本文以韩国雁鸭池出土的"策事"简为研究对象,结合南朝"隶事"和"策事"的相关史料,从木简简文的考释和木简的用途等方面着手,对出土的韩国木简进行尝试性研究。首先,追溯中原南朝"隶事"和"策事"行事活动发生、流行及其内涵演变的轨迹,明确两者内涵的实质性差别。"隶事"是中原南朝文人矜才炫博的行事活动,是一种即兴式的文化游戏。梁代以后,"隶事"多被称作"策事",渐渐演变为培养和测验士人才学能力和择优选官的察举方式。其次,通过对木简简文的考释和木简用途的推定,揭示了新罗王朝"策事"的内涵和实质。在八世纪的新罗王朝宫廷中,"策事"是具有一定规模的、常设性的、制度性的行事活动,是培养和测验贵族弟子才学水平的一种手段。这一源于中国的文化现象,其传入新罗的年代下限应不晚于公元765年。

Focused on a group of wooden writing slips for'literary talent test',which were excavated from Anapchi Pond in South Korea,this paper makes some research attempts based on a combination of field archeology and survey on related historical records over'literary games'and'literary talent test',with an attempt to make precise survey over the inscriptions and use of these excavated wooden slips.First,authors trace back over history and find out the exact evolution from'literary games'to'literary talent test',so as to clearly define the'literary talent test'.'Literary games'originally was a kind of wording games of intellectuals of southern dynasties of China.Since the beginning of Liang Dynasty,such games were gradually transformed into a kind of selective test measuring intellectuals' literary knowledge and choosing qualified officials.Second, relying on a detailed measurement and careful reasoning on these excavated wooden slips,this paper reveals the content of'literary talent test'of Silla Dynasty of Korea.In the royal palaces of Silla Dynasty in 8 th century,'literary talent test'was a large-scaled, institutionalized,and regular activity organized for testing academic capability of young people of the aristocracy.Such cultural phenomenon was transmitted from China not later than 765 A.D.