韩国文在寅政府的东北亚外交:挑战与突破

The South Korea’s Northeast Asia Diplomacy Under the Moon Jae-in’s Presidency:The Challenge and Break-trough

文在寅上任后迅速结束朴槿惠被弹劾带来的乱局,重新整理与中、美、日、俄等国的关系,提出了以韩美同盟为基础强化安保和应对朝核威胁的能力、推进南北和解合作与朝鲜半岛无核化、推进与周边国家合作以形成“东北亚+责任共同体”等政策主张,以“实现朝鲜半岛和平繁荣”的核心目标。本文主要从半岛分裂与韩美同盟给韩国带来的结构性安全困境、半岛统一与国家发展的目标不一致导致其对朝政策不可持续、国内政治与国际政治相互制约导致其政策协调不利等方面分析韩国外交面临挑战的根源所在,分析文在寅政府目前取得的外交成果及受到制约的因素。从中可以看出,虽然文在寅通过“冬奥外交”大幅改善了朝韩关系,但无法改变美韩同盟对其自主外交的限制。在周边大国围绕朝鲜半岛利益博弈不断升级的情况下,文在寅的东北亚外交依然任重道远。

The Moon Jae-in’s presidency quickly ended the chaos of Park Geun-hye’s impeachment. It has adjusted the policies in relating with China,America,Japan,Russia. Those include to alliance the US to strengthen the level of security and ability to defense the nuclear threats; to promote of the Korean north-south reconciliation and cooperation,especially the denuclearization; and to form the Northeast Asian Cooperation and the Northeast Asian Community in responsibility in order to establish the Korean peninsula peace and prosperity. This paper aims to analysis the obstacles of diplomacy in Moon Jae-in’s Presidency from three perspectives: The threats of Peninsula dividing and Korea-US alliance; the unstable policies of South Korea to DPRK; the conflicts between the intranational polices and international policies in South Korea. Although, the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Game has significantly improve the relationship between ROK and DPRK, The Moon Jae-in’s presidency still have lots of problems in dealing with diplomacy in its future governance.