汉字文化圈的越南语言文化

The Chinese Character Culture’s Socialist Republic of Vietnam Language and Culture

作为汉字文化圈的一个成员,越南文化深受中国文化的影响。体现在越南不少传统文化活动、风土习俗、思维方式等与中国的有很大的相似性。语言是文化的一部分,也是文化的载体,语言与文化关系非常密切。经过千余年的历史接触,中国语言文化在越南语言文化中的影响和烙印显而易见。尽管如此,由于越南和中国的自然环境不同、人们的劳动、生活条件也不完全一样,所以在具备相近文化要素的同时,越、中文化及其语言也显露出不少差异。本文拟通过举例的方式,阐释越南语言文化与中国语言文化的牵连,并简略介绍中国、越南传统文化的异同、越南语中喃字的产生与结构特点、越南语中汉越词与其相对应汉语词的关系以及汉、越文化词语对比。

As a member of the Chinese culture circle,Vietnamese culture is deeply influenced by Chinese culture,which is reflected in the great similarity with China in many Vietnamese traditional cultural activities,customs,style of thinking,and so on.Language is not only apart of culture,but also the carrier of culture.Language and culture are very close.After more than a thousand years of historical contact,the impact from Chinese culture on Vietnamese language and culture is obvious.However,due to the different natural environment between Vietnam and China,and because people’s labor and living conditions are not exactly the same,even with a similar cultural elements,cultures and languages of China and Vietnam also show a lot of differences.This article intends to explain the internal relation of Vietnamese language and the Chinese language by example, meanwhile briefly introduces the similarities and differences between Chinese and Vietnamese traditional culture,the origin and structure of Chu Nom,the relationship between Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary and equivalent Chinese characters,and the contrast between Chinese and Vietnamese cultural words.