清代归化城土默特地区晋商由盛转衰的社会原因探析

An Analysis of the Social Reasons for the Decline of Shanxi Businessmen in the Tumote Region of Guihua City in the Qing Dynasty

清代晋商延续了明代的辉煌,但又在二十世纪二三十年代逐渐退出了中国历史舞台。归化城土默特地区作为晋商在中国北方贸易经营最主要的地区,探析土默特地区晋商由盛转衰的社会原因对了解清代晋商的兴衰有重要借鉴作用。我们通过对清代土默特地区晋商概况,晋商兴盛时期经营情况及产生原因,衰亡时期经营情况及产生原因和晋商兴衰对当今社会的启示等四个主要方面做简要探讨。

Shanxi merchants in the Qing Dynasty continued the glory of the Ming Dynasty, but in the twenties and thirties of the twentieth century, gradually withdraw from the stage of Chinese history. As the most important business area of northern Shanxi in the north of China, the social reasons of Shanxi merchants in the Tumote region are important references for understanding the rise and fall of Jin merchants in Qing dynasty. This paper makes a brief discussion on the four major aspects of the Qing dynasty, the business situation of the Shanxi merchants in the Tumote region, the prosperous period of the Jin Dynasty, the causes, the operation of the decline period, the reasons and the revelation to the society.