实践的合理性:人类走出困境的现实途径

The Rationality of Practice and the Outlet of Human Dilemmas

尽管全球问题或人类困境的根源是复杂的、多方面的,但其最直接、最现实的根源是实践活动的不合理性及其负效应,其他种种根源归根结底都表现为此或都与此相关。实践的不合理性主要表现为指导并支配实践的理性的不合理性或片面性,即技术理性的膨胀和人文理性的缺失。因此,科学的合理性模式应该是合规律性与合目的性、技术理性和人文理性的辩证统一。只有在这种完整、科学的理性支配和调控下,既不威胁人类的生存基础———自然生态系统,也不危及他人乃至人类整体和长远利益,并且朝向"人的自由全面发展"这一终极目标努力的实践活动,才是积极的、可行的,因而是合理的。

Although the origins of global problems or human dilemmas are complicated and varied,their direct and practical origin is the irrationality of practice and its negative effect.The other various origins are the manifestation or of the irrationality of practice are in connection with it in the final analysis.The irrationality of practice is reflected as irrationality or partiality of reason to direct and control practice,that is,expansion of skilled reason and lack of humane reason.Therefore,scientific rationality pattern should be the dialectial unity of regularity and purposiveness and that of skilled reason and humane reason.Under the domination and arrangement of the overall scientific reason,the positive,feasible and rational practice should neither threaten human's existent base,the natural ecological balance, nor endanger other people's and the whole human beings' longterm interests,hence dedicating itself to the ultimate aim of man's allround free development.