低分子肝素皮下注射局部压迫时间与皮下出血关系的研究

Study of the relationship between local pressing duration after low molecular weight heparin subcutaneous injection and subcutaneous hemorrhage

目的 :探讨低分子肝素皮下注射局部压迫时间与皮下出血发生率及出血面积的关系 ,同时找出较有效的压迫时间 ,以减少皮下出血的发生及减小出血面积。方法 :选择冠状动脉支架植入术术后使用低分子肝素的患者 ,将每例患者的 10次皮下注射随机分为 5组 ,每组压迫时间分别为 1min、2min、3min、4min、5min。观察皮下出血的例次及出血面积的大小。结果 :低分子肝素皮下注射局部不同压迫时间与皮下出血存在统计学差异 ,P <0 .0 1,且 3min组与 2min组出血率比较 ,差异具有统计学意义 ,P <0 .0 1,而其他相邻组间无统计学差异 ;局部不同压迫时间与出血面积存在统计学差异 ,P <0 .0 5 ,且较大面积 (>2cm× 2cm)出血率在 3min组与 2min组之间有统计学差异 ,P <0 .0 5 ,而其他相邻组间无统计学差异。结论 :局部压迫 3min可以有效降低皮下出血发生率及较大面积出血率。

Objective: To investigate the relationship among the local pressing time the incidence and the size of subcutaneous hemorrhage, and find a optimum pressing time in order to reduce the incidence and the size of subcutaneous hemorrhage after the subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).Methods: The patients,who were undergone PTCA and received LMWH after the operation for ten times were selected. The pressing time after the injection were randomized into 1,2,3,4,and 5 minutes respectively. The incidence and the size of subcutaneous hemorrhage were measured. Results: With regard to both the incidence and the size of subcutaneous hemorrhage, there was significantly difference in the five groups(P<0.01).Compared with the 2-minute group, the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage and the occurrence of larger size(>2cm×2cm)were significantly different in 3-minute group, while there was no difference between other adjacent groups. Conclusion: Pressing for three minutes can effectively reduce the incidence and the size of subcutaneous hemorrhage resulted from subcutaneous injection of LMWH.