地沟油酯交换法制取生物柴油的研究进展

PROGRESS IN THE PREPARATION OF BIODIESEL FROM HOGWASH OIL BY TRANSESTERIFICATION IN METHANOL

针对我国地沟油及地沟油酯交换制备生物柴油的现状,综述了地沟油酯交换制备生物柴油的方法,包括传统化学催化法、超声波辅助法、生物酶法、超临界法。阐述了地沟油酯交换法制备生物柴油的反应机理,分析了各种方法的优缺点。基于针对地沟油制备生物柴的影响因素,包括酸值、醇油摩尔比、反应时间,温度等的分析,提出地沟油超临界法制备生物柴油研究意见及优化工艺方法。研究表明:油脂转化率为93.3%~94.6%的两步酸碱催化是最适合工业生产,油脂转化率为95%~99.3%的超临界法是最有前景的环境友好型技术。

Based on the current situation of hogwash oil and the preparation of biodiesel from hogwash oil by transesterification in methanol,some technologies for biodiesel from hogwash oil by transesterification in methanol are summarized,including chemical acid-base catalysis method,ultrasound assisted transesterificaton,enzymic method,supercritical methanol. This article summarizes the principles and technical methods for the preparation of biodiesel from hogwash oils through transesterification method,and analysing the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Comparison is made among those preparation methods based on the research methods available for the preparation of biodiesel from hogwash oil,such as acid value,molar ratio,reaction time,some recommendations on research and the optimal conditions from hogwash oil by supercritical transesterification have been offered. The results show the preparation of biodiesel from hogwash oil by two steps catalytic method whose percent conversion 93. 3% ~ 95. 6%,is the most suitable method for industrial production,and supercritical methanol whose percent conversion 95% ~ 99. 3%,is the most promising eco-friendly technology.