铬盐行业不同工艺废渣的产生特性和污染特性比较

THE GENERATION AND POLLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF CHROMATE INDUSTRY WASTES FROM DIFFERENT PROCESSES

目前我国铬盐主要有两种生产工艺:少钙焙烧工艺和无钙焙烧工艺。本文从化学反应原理角度分析了两种工艺废渣的产生特性,通过试验对比分析的方法比较了两种工艺废渣的污染特性。结果表明:1)无钙焙烧工艺产生的铬渣量比少钙焙烧工艺铬渣量少,但铝泥和芒硝的用量有所增大;2)无钙焙烧工艺铬渣中残留的总铬量比少钙焙烧工艺多,但六价铬含量比少钙焙烧工艺少;3)少钙焙烧工艺铬渣中有铬酸钙残留,铬渣治理难度更大;4)两种工艺残留的铝泥和芒硝的性质差异不大。

In China,there are two main types of chromic salt production processes at present; less calcium roasting process and no calcium roasting process. This article analyzes the waste generation characteristics of two processes from the chemical reaction mechanism. Waste residues pollution characteristics were also analyzed through the test. The results showed that chrome slag quantity from no calcium roasting process is less than less calcium roasting process,but the amount of residual aluminum and glauber's salt mud were increased; total chromium quantity in the chrome slag from no calcium roasting process was more than that from less calcium roasting process,but hexavalent chromium quantity in the chrome slag was less; it was more difficult for the treatment of chrome slag from less calcium roasting technology; the properties of residual aluminum and glauber's salt mud has little differences between two kinds of processes.