实施铁路边界噪声准确测量的方法研究

METHODS RESEARCH ON ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF RAILWAY NOISE ON BOUNDARY ALONGSIDE RAILWAY LINE

回顾了现行《铁路边界噪声限值及其测量方法》的要点,介绍三种目前经常采用的测量铁路边界噪声的具体做法,即"人工24 h测量法"、"人工统计测量法"以及"人工抽样测量法",指出了三种测量方法存在的问题和不足;通过列举实例,引入"自动测量分析法",即一种利用噪声自动监测仪获取机车车辆运行平均密度、小时噪声等效声级以及环境背景噪声的方法,由此实现了铁路边界噪声的准确测量,并藉此进一步模拟分析了由于机车运行平均密度的统计偏差以及抽样测量的随机性等问题对测量数值产生的影响。实践表明,"自动测量分析法"实现铁路边界噪声的准确测量是可行的,具有一定的借鉴和参考价值。

This paper reviews the main points of current 'Emission Standards and Measurement Methods of Railway Noise on Boundary Alongside Railway Line',introduces three kinds of specific methods which are commonly used in measurement of railway noise on boundary,named 'artificial 24 hours measurement methods','artificial statistical measurement methods'and 'artificial sampling measurement methods',and points out the problems and shortcomings of above methods. Through examples,the paper introduces 'automatic measurement and analysis methods ',namely,the methords of getting vehicle running average density,hours equivalent noise level and environmental background noise by using noise automatic measuring instrument,so as to realize the accurate measurement of railway noise on boundary,and further simulates and analyzes the impact on measurement data due to statistical bias and data randomness existing in'artificial statistical measurement methods'and'artificial sampling measurement methods'. The practice shows that the 'automatic measurement and analysis methods'for the accurate measurement of railway noise on boundary is feasible and has a certain reference value.