峰峰五矿煤矸石山周围有机污染特征研究

ORGANIC POLLUTION OF COAL GANGUE DUMP in No.5 COAL MINE in FENGFENG,CHINA

煤炭开发产生的煤矸石带来大量环境问题,于峰峰五矿煤矸石山周围共采集10件样品。应用有机地球化学方法(有机元素分析、索式抽提、色谱和色质联用方法)对样品中的有机污染物进行分析。分析结果显示:土壤样品中的所有有机元素含量均高于土壤背景样品的含量,河流沉积物中所有有机元素的含量均高于滏阳河样品中的含量,表明其受到煤矸石山上煤颗粒的影响。饱和烃和芳烃的丰度较高,说明该有机物主要来自于古代有机物;本研究中共检测出8种美国优控多环芳烃,煤矸石山附近河流沉积物中的8种多环芳烃在形成一定富集,污染比较严重,应该引起重视。

Coal gangue,the by-product of coal mining,is giving out increasingly serious environmental impact. The organic pollutants' characteristics were studied in this paper. The samples were taken from the Fengfeng No. 5 Coal Mine located in Fengfeng District. These samples were analyzed by organic geochemical methods,and the result indicated that the organic contents in the soil samples from this coal mine are all higher than that of background value,while the organic content in the stream samples are all higher than that in the Fuyang River. High content of organic elements near the gangue may be due to the influence of coal particles. The contents of the hydrocarbon and aromatics are higher relative; it indicates that the organic matters are mainly from ancient organic matter. Eight sorts of PAHs are detected in these samples,and the content is relatively high. It suggests that there is certain accumulation of PAHs in the environment. PAHs have teratogenic,carcinogenic,and mutagenic roles. And it should draw great attention.