三种草坪草对石油烃污染土壤修复效应的模拟研究

SIMULATION STUDY ON REMEDIATION EFFECTS OF THREE KINDS OF GRASS ON PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON COMTAMINATED SOIL

以红壤、黑土、棕壤、灰潮土和黄棕壤5种自制石油烃(TPH)污染土壤为研究对象,设置不同培养时间和TPH浓度进行了狗牙根、黑麦草、高羊茅对TPH的修复模拟实验。研究结果表明:种植草坪后土壤TPH的降解率较对照更高,且生物量较大的高羊茅和黑麦草处理TPH降解率高于生物量较小的狗牙根处理;随着培养时间增加,所有处理TPH降解率和降解菌数量呈先增加后降低的趋势,但低浓度TPH污染土壤TPH降解率和降解菌数量及植物生物量高于高浓度TPH污染土壤;土壤TPH降解率与茎鲜重和总鲜重呈极显著正相关,与茎干重和总干重呈显著正相关,但与根鲜重和根干重无相关性;此外,受土壤C/N、C/P的影响,不同供试土壤TPH的降解率由大到小顺序为黑土>黄棕壤≈灰潮土>棕壤>红壤。

Red soil,black soil,brown soil,calcareous chao soil and yellow-brown soil were selected to artificially prepare petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil in this paper,and the effect of bermuda grass,ryegrass and tall fescue on TPH were studied in the condition of different incubation time and different TPH concentration by pot experiment in the laboratory. The results showed that degradation rate of TPH in soil after planting grass were higher than the control,and TPH degradation rate of soil planting tall fescue and ryegrass treatment with higher biomass were higher than bermuda grass treatment with lower biomass. With the increase of incubation time,TPH degradation rate and number of TPH degrading bacteria firstly increased and then decreased,however,they were lower in higher TPH concentration soils. TPH degradation rate were extremely and positively correlated with fresh weight of stem and whole plant,and positively correlated with dry weight of stem and whole plant,but uncorrelated with fresh weight and dry weight of root. Moreover, TPH degradation rate in different TPH contaminated soil followed the order: black soil > yellow-brown soil ≈ calcareous chao soil > brown soil > red soil,which might be ascribed to the different C / N and C / P.