不同植物物种及其组合对铅锌尾矿库修复效果研究

REPAIRING EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES AND THEIR COMBINATION ON LEAD-ZINC TAILINGS

通过田间试验,采用生物有机肥为改良剂,设置8个处理分别为:对照、白三叶、金鸡菊、百喜草、月季、毛杜鹃、桂花+百喜草、湿地松+毛杜鹃+白三叶,研究不同耐性植物及其组合对植被恢复的影响,及植被恢复后尾砂自身性质的变化。结果表明:种植植物半年后,各小区的优势植物大都以禾本科草本植物为主,除对照处理外,植被覆盖度均大于90%,植物种类达14种,且桂花+百喜草处理、湿地松+毛杜鹃+白三叶处理,物种较单一种植高;狗牙根、白三叶、金鸡菊、百喜草、鬼针草均可作为矿区植被恢复的先锋草种,毛杜鹃可作为矿区植被恢复的先锋灌木;矿区植被恢复可以有效控制重金属的淋洗;同时,可以降低重金属的有效态含量,使重金属的活性降低,有效修复重金属尾矿库。

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different heavy metal tolerance plants and their combination on vegetation restoration,and change of p H and heavy metal contents in tailings after planted,in order to remediate heavy metal tailings reservoir. To accomplish this,a field experiment composed of plots with eight treatments,control,white clover,coreopsis,bahia grass,rose,rhododendron rufum,osmanthus + bahia grass,and slash pine + rhododendron rufum + white clover,was conducted. Additionally,organic fertilizer was applied as amendment. Results showed that the dominant plant of every treatment was gramineae herb six months after planted. In addition to the control treatment,coverage were greater than90%,and plant species amount were more than 14. Osmanthus + bahia grass,and slash pine + rhododendron rufum + white clover plant species were more than to 21 kinds,exceed a single plant species. Bermuda grass,white clover,coreopsis,bahia grass,bidens might serve as pioneer herb of mining vegetation restoration,while rhododendron rufum as a pioneer shrub.Heavy metals in mining leaching could be effectively control by plant roots,and heavy metals effective state contents could be reduced. Therefore,different plant species and their combination could remediate heavy metal tailings reservoir.