微生物电解池:生物电催化辅助CO2甲烷化技术

Microbial electrolysis cell （MEC）: A new platform for CO2 bioelectromethanogenesis assisted by bioelectrocatalysis

微生物电解池(microbial electrolysis cell,MEC)在污染物去除、CO2捕获与碳转化以及可再生能源的生物合成等方面具有巨大潜力,对于缓解能源危机与温室效应具有重要指导意义.尽管目前在作用原理、参数优化和机制探索方面有了重大进展,但MEC从概念设计到技术转化仍面临着诸多难题和巨大挑战.本论文介绍了基于MEC的CO2电甲烷化技术的基本理论与最新研究进展,并对电甲烷化过程中膜面污染形成、生物阴极电活性功能菌富集及其胞外电子传递机制等进行了系统阐述,以期为MEC在CO2电甲烷化的工程应用提供理论和技术参考.

Microbial electrolysis cell(MEC)has great potential in the removal of pollutants,CO2 capture and carbon conversion and the biosynthesis of renewable energy,which can simultaneously alleviate energy crisis and the greenhouse effect.Although significant progress has been made in the working principles,process design/optimization and electron transfer mechanism exploration,the development of MEC from the proof of concept to real applications still faces many technical issues and challenges.This paper introduced the basic theory and latest research progress of MEC in CO2 electromethanogenesis,and specifically the behavior of electroactive bacteria colonizing on the biocathode,extracellular electron transport mechanisms,and membrane fouling were reviewed.Finally,future needs and perspectives of MEC technology in practical engineering applications were described as well.