原铝生产流程温室气体排放主要影响因素的关联度分析

Correlation analysis between emission and impact factors of greenhouse gases caused by production of primary aluminum

铝是国民经济建设和发展的关键基础材料,然而由其生产过程所产生的大量温室气体排放也逐渐成为政府关注的焦点。本研究计算了我国原铝生产不同年度的生命周期能耗和温室气体排放量,并分析了资源消耗和生产工序能耗等影响因素与温室气体排放的关联性。结果表明,在各年原铝生产的温室气体排放总量中,电力和阳极效应导致的排放所占比重分别为68.5%和7.9%,其他影响因素所占比重均低于6%;与温室气体排放关联度最高的3个影响因素依次是电耗、煤气燃烧和石灰石煅烧,其值分别为0.937、0.899和0.893;在目前铝电耗和阳极效应控制水平提升空间有限的情况下,降低煤气的消耗,提高石灰石的使用效率,是实现原铝生产温室气体减排的有效途径。

Aluminum is an essential material for the construction and development of national economy,however the greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions caused by its production have been noticed by China's government gradually. In this study,the life cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions caused by the production of primary aluminum in different years in China were calculated,and the relationship between GHG emissions and some important factors i. e. resource consumption and process energy consumption was analyzed by correlation analysis. The final results show that electricity consumption is the major contributor for the GHG emissions,which accounts for 68. 5% of the total,followed by the emissions of anode effect,accounting for 7. 9%,and the contribution of other factors is less than 6%. The correlation analysis results indicate that the electricity consumption,the combustion of the coal gas,the calcination of the limestone are the three main factors which have the largest correlation degrees with GHG emissions,and their correlation degrees are 0. 937,0. 899 and 0. 893,respectively. Considering the limitation of the current adoption of technology improvements in the electricity consumption and anode effect control,decreasing the consumption of the producer gas and improving the efficiency of the limestone are the two effective ways to decrease the GHG emissions of primary aluminum production.