改良型UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器运行效能对比

Comparison of performance of modified anammox UASB reactor

为探究组合启动模式实现厌氧氨氧化反应器高效启动和稳定运行的可行性,分别采用接种短程硝化污泥结合提高进水基质(A)和接种厌氧氨氧化污泥结合缩短水力停留时间(B)2种组合方式启动改良型UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器,对反应器启动效果进行研究,并通过改变进水基质比和低温冲击探究启动成功后的反应器性能。结果表明:A反应器启动成功时的总氮去除负荷(NRR)为0.520 kg·(m^3·d)^(-1)、亚硝化单胞菌Nitrosomonas相对丰度大幅下降、主要厌氧氨氧化菌属由Candidatus Kuenenia转化为Candidatus Brocadia;而B反应器NRR达到1.950 kg·(m^3·d)^(-1)、Candidatus Kuenenia始终为优势菌属。随着进水基质比的提高,B反应器的NRR和上升幅度始终高于A反应器,具有更强的抗负荷能力。当温度由35℃下降至15℃时,A和B反应器污泥对基质的降解速率分别下降92.94%和81.38%;温度恢复至35℃后,A反应器污泥降解速率的回升率大于B反应器污泥。因此,接种厌氧氨氧化污泥和缩短水力停留时间的组合方式更有利于改良型UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器的高效启动和稳定运行。

In order to explore the feasibility of the efficient start-up and stable operation of anammox reactors through the combined startup mode,a modified anammox UASB reactor A was started through partialnitrification sludge inoculation and increasing influent substrate concentration,and a reactor B was started through anammox sludge inoculation and reducing hydraulic retention time(HRT).The corresponding start-up effect,and the performances of the successful start-up reactors at different influent substrate ratios and cold shock were studied.The results showed that total nitrogen removal rate(NRR)of reactor A was 0.520 kg·(m3·d)-1,the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas decreased sharply,and the main genus of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria shifted from Candidatus Kuenenia to Candidatus Brocadia.The NRR of reactor B reached1.950 kg·(m3·d)-1,and Candidatus Kuenenia was always the dominant genus.With the increase of the influent substrate ratio,reactor B presented higher value and increasing rate of NRR than reactor A,which indicated that reactor B was more robust against the loading shock than reactor A.When temperature dropped from 35℃to15℃,the substrate degradation rates by sludge in reactors A and B decreased by 92.94%and 81.38%,respectively.As temperature returned to 35℃,the recovery rate of the substrate degradation rate by sludge in reactor A was higher than that in reactor B.Therefore,anammox sludge inoculation and HRT reduction are beneficial for the efficient start-up and stable operation of modified anammox UASB reactors.