民初学校校内考试制度的建立与实施

On Establishment and Implementation of School-based Examination System at Beginning of the Republic of China

民国初期北京政府建立了较为详备的学校校内考试系统,政府以法督考,对传统考试文化既有沿袭,也有新创;学校实施则因校而异,但总体趋势是吸收西方考试文化新知,且考试管理趋于严密,反映出社会转型时期教育考试发展的新特点。对这一时期学校考试制度和实践进行梳理、钩稽,将有益于当今学校考试实践及其发展。

The Beijing government had established a more mature school-based examination sys- tem at the beginning of the found of the Republic of China. At that time, the government superin- tended the exam according to the exam law, and innovated when carrying forward the cultural tradi- tion. Meanwhile, the school implemented the system differently, but still tried to absorb relative new ideas from western countries. The stricter administration of the exam in that period demonstrated some new features of the development of the school-based exam happened in that social transition period. As a result, the present article, which will focus on the establishment and implementation of the school-based examination system in the period of the beginning of the Republic of China, may be of practical value for the present exam study.