试析日本大学多样化招生考试及对我国的启示

A Study on Diversity of Admission Examination at Universities in Japan

日本高等教育在半个多世纪的发展过程中已经历了由精英向大众化,再向普及化的发展历程。在此进程中,日本大学招生考试也经历了由注重竞争选拔到竞争选拔与维持教育质量并重以及弹性化选拔的改革过程。日本现行的大学招生考试是由'大学入学中心考试'与各大学单独招生考试相互结合而形成的选拔体系。探讨日本大学多样化招生考试,可为我国高考制度改革提供具有参考价值的启示。

In the past half century,higher education in Japan has evolved from an elite-selected education system to a publicized and popularized one.Meanwhile,the admission examination in Japan’s universities has also experienced a reform which shifted from a competition selection policy to a policy attaching equal balance to competition and education quality and then a flexible system.As a result,the current admission examination has formed a system of examinations employed by both National Examination Center and local universities.Hopefully,the present study on the diversity of Japan’s admission examination may offer some insights into gaokao system reform in China.