从经济生态学观点看环境保护科学的动向——为《环境科学》创刊十周年而作

Trends of Sciences of Environmental Protection from the Viewpoint of Econ-ecology

在我国社会主义现代化建设中,保护和改善环境,维护生态平衡,使社会经济发展实现良性循环,是我国环境保护的奋斗目标和战略任务。在《环境科学》创刊十周年之际,笔者谨以此文表示纪念和祝贺。 一、环境的整体性 经济生态学的基本观点有二:一是重视整体经济利益,一是促进协调发展。环境是由若干成分构成的空间,是人类和生物赖以生存和发展的物质与社会条件的综合体。由于构成综合体的主成分不同,可以区分为自然环境、人类社会环境以及陆地环境、大气环境、水环境等等。

This overview article examines the recent development in sciences of environmental protection econ-ecologically by discussing structure and function of human environment. In researching environmental features and taking protective measures, one should pay attention to'the characteristics of time, space, dimension and ordination in environment so as to understand their variable rules. Environmental protection is to conserve environmental quality, including structure of man's physical environment and its regulative functions. In order to solve environmental issues, methodology of system engineering should be used so that growth of population and exploitation of resources may coordinate the economic construction as a whole to meet the needs of industrial and agricultural development and of the people's life. Two highlights in eighties of this century, sustainable development and eco-economic planning, show the trends of environmental protection sciences later on, according to the author.