渤海湾海域10种鱼类中二噁英类及指示性多氯联苯的污染特征研究及风险评价

Levels Distribution and Risk Assessment of the Indicator and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Ten Different Species of Marine Fish of Bohai Bay,China

多氯联苯(PCBs)具有高毒性和生物蓄积性,是列入公约优先控制的持久性有机污染物之一.多氯联苯在水生食物链中蓄积,同时人类食用鱼肉会对人体健康产生一定影响.近渤海地区具有焚烧、钢铁冶炼及水泥等PCBs非故意潜在排放源,而对此区域PCBs产生的环境污染及造成的人体健康效应的研究较少.本研究利用高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱(HRGC/HRMS)首次对近渤海地区10种不同鱼类中的二噁英类多氯联苯(dl-PCBs)和指示性PCBs进行了分析.12种dl-PCBs的含量(以湿重计)为28.9~1067.6 pg·g-1,其中PCB-118和PCB-105是主要贡献单体,贡献率分别是41%~56%和15%~21%.指示性PCBs的浓度范围是185.5~8371.7 pg·g-1,其中PCB-153和PCB-138是主要的贡献单体,贡献率分别是27%和22%.与国内外其他海域的研究相比,近渤海区海水鱼中PCBs残留量处于较低水平,对人体产生健康风险比较小.

Polychlorinated biphenyls( PCBs) are highly lipohilic compounds with high metabolic persistence and toxicity. PCBs tend to accumulate in the aquatic food chain and make fish a source of various environmental toxicants to humans. Industries in the Bohai Bay include iron and steel smelting,cement manufacturing and waste incineration,which are potential emission sources of PCBs. In this study,risks and potential effects of PCBs in the Bohai Bay were assessed. Twelve dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls( dl-PCBs) and seven indicator PCBs in marine fish samples were analyzed by High Resolution Gas Chromatography /High Resolution Mass Spectrometry( HRGC /HRMS). The concentrations of dl-PCBs in marine fishes ranged from 28. 9 pg·g-1to 1 067. 6 pg·g-1wet weight. The concentrations of indicator PCBs were between 185. 5 pg·g-1and 8 371. 7 pg·g-1wet weight. PCB-118 and PCB-105were the major congeners of the dl-PCBs congeners,which contributed 41%-56% and 15%-21%,respectively. The predominant indicator PCBs were PCB-153 and PCB-138,which contributed 27% and 22%,respectively. The concentrations of dl-PCBs and indicator PCBs were relatively low as compared with those in other studies.