地表水体放线菌分离鉴定与致嗅能力研究

Actinobacteria and Their Odor-producing Capacities in a Surface Water in Shanghai

原水中的嗅味是饮用水中嗅味的主要来源之一.从中国南方地区某水库中分离纯化放线菌并进行菌种鉴定及产致嗅物质2-甲基异莰醇(2-MIB)和土臭素(GSM)能力研究.使用膜滤法和高氏一号培养基分离纯化水体中的放线菌.结合菌落菌丝形态特征、碳源利用、菌株生理生化特征及16S rRNA同源性序列分析对从该水库中分离纯化的40株放线菌进行菌种鉴定,结果表明有38株链霉菌、1株气微菌和1株假诺卡氏菌.分别使用高氏一号液体培养基和水库水体对这40株放线菌进行摇床发酵,结合顶空固相微萃取(SPME)和气质联用(GC-MS)方法检测发酵液中致嗅物质2-MIB和GSM含量,发现不同放线菌甚至链霉菌属内不同菌种产生致嗅物质的能力不同,且相差较大.放线菌在液体培养基中产致嗅物质2-MIB和GSM能力并不完全代表在水库中对水体2-MIB和GSM的贡献大小.

The odor in raw water is one of the main sources of odor in drinking water. The occurrence of actinobacteria and their odor producing capacities in a reservoir in Shanghai were investigated. Gauze's medium and membrane filtration were used for actinobacteria isolation. Through combined methods of 16S rRNA sequencing, colony and hyphae morphology, carbon source utilization, physiological and biochemical characteristics, 40 strains of actinobacteria were identified from the reservoir. Results showed that there were 38 Streptomyces, an Aeromicrobium and a Pseudonocardia. Liquid culture medium and the real reservoir water were used to test the odor producing capacity of these 40 strains of actinobacteria, and headspace solid phase microextraction ( HS-SPME ) and high resolution gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) were used to analyze the odor compounds 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin ( GSM) in the fermentation liquor. The test results showed that, the odor-producing capacities of these actinobacteria in different fermentation media showed different variation trends, even within the genera Streptomyces. The odor-producing capacity of actinobacteria in the liquid culture medium could not represent their states in the reservoir water or their actual odor contribution to the aquatic environment.