缙云山不同土地利用方式对土壤活性有机碳、氮组分的影响

Effects of Different Land Uses on Soil Active Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Fractions in Jinyun Mountain

以位于重庆市北碚区的缙云山为研究对象,通过采集亚热带常绿阔叶林(以下简称林地)、撂荒地、果园、坡耕地0~60cm深度的土壤样品,测定其MBC(微生物生物量碳)、MBN(微生物生物量氮)、DOC(可溶性有机碳)、DON(可溶性有机氮)含量,探讨土地利用方式对土壤活性有机碳、氮组分的影响.结果表明,4种土地利用方式下土壤MBC、MBN、DOC、DON含量均随着土壤深度的增加而降低.在0~60 cm的土壤深度内,土地利用方式对土壤MBC、MBN和DON含量的影响并不明显;撂荒地DOC含量显著高于其它3种土地利用方式,说明坡耕地撂荒能显著提高土壤DOC含量.在0~60 cm土层,林地、撂荒地、果园、坡耕地间MBN、DOC、DON分配比例均无显著差异,但坡耕地MBC分配比例显著高于其它3种土地利用方式,表明坡耕地土壤有机碳具有较高的生物活性,这可能是由于坡耕地施加绿肥以及粪肥等有机肥所致.各土地利用方式下DOC/DON最高,MBC/MBN次之,SOC/TN最低,说明可溶性有机质的生物固化作用最强,而土壤总有机质的矿化作用最明显.4种土地利用方式下SOC/TN、MBC/MBN及DOC/DON均为坡耕地最低,且比值都低于20,表明坡耕地土壤有机质的矿化作用较强,容易造成土壤碳的损失.

In this paper,we take Jinyun Mountain where located in Beibei district of Chongqing as the research object and explore the effect of different ways of land use on soil active organic carbon,nitrogen components by collecting the soil samples from 0 to 60 cm depth in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest( hereinafter referred to as the forest),abandoned land,orchard,farmland and measuring the content of MBC,MBN,DOC and DON. The research results show that the contents of soil MBC,MBN,DOC,DON are reduced with the increase of soil depth in four types of land using soils. Variance analysis of the single factor shows that four kinds of land uses have no significant difference in the contents of MBC,MBN and DON,but the DOC content of the abandoned land is significantly higher than that of other three kinds. It shows that the different ways of land use have no obvious effects on soil MBC,MBN and DON but the abandonment of slope cropland can significantly increase the content of soil DOC. There is no significant difference among the distribution ratio of MBN,DOC,DON in forest,abandoned land,orchard and farmland within the soil from 0 to 60 cm,but the distribution ratio of slope MBC is significantly higher than that of other three kinds. It means farmland soil organic carbon has a higher biological activity,this could due to the application of green manure,farmland manure and other organic fertilizers. Under different land utilizations,DOC / DON is the highest,MBC / MBN is the second,and SOC / TN is the lowest. It means the biological solidification of dissolved organic matter is the strongest,and the mineralization of soil organic matter is the most obvious. Under the four kinds of land uses,there are the lowest ratios in SOC / TN,MBC / MBN and DOC / DON in the farmland. And all the ratios are less than 20,which suggest that the mineralization of farmland soil organic matter is stronger and it’s easy to cause the loss of soil carbon.