1Cr18Ni9Ti脉冲激光焊接工艺研究

Research on pulsed laser welding technology of 1Cr18Ni9Ti

介绍了采用YAG脉冲激光器焊接不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti的工艺过程,通过调整离焦量、焊点重叠率、峰值功率和脉冲宽度进行试件焊接,并对焊缝熔深进行检测。试验结果表明:离焦量对焊缝熔深影响较大,负离焦量时可以获得较大的焊缝熔深;峰值功率对焊缝熔深影响最大,但峰值功率过大易出现焊接飞溅;焊点重叠率与焊缝熔深有效性密切相关,对产品密封性能影响大;脉冲宽度对焊缝熔深影响较小,对焊缝表面成形状态影响较大。针对推进系统中阀门壳体激光焊缝熔深要求,优化了工艺参数。采用上述工艺规范焊接的阀门产品已经过飞行考核。

The technological process of Austenitic stainless steel(1Cr18Ni9Ti) welded with pulsed YAG laser is introduced.Lots of welding tests were carried out by repeatedly adjusting the parameters like defocusing amount,overlap rate of welding points,peak power and pulse width,and the weld penetration was measured.The result shows that the defocusing amount affects the weld penetration to a certain extent,a larger weld penetration can be obtained in the case of the negative defocusing amount;the peak power has the biggest impact on the weld penetration,but overlarge peak power is easy to cause the weld spatter;the overlap rate of welding points is closely related to the valid weld penetration,which exerts a enormous influence on the sealing property;however,the pulse width has less influence on the weld penetration,but affects the forming state of weld surface.According to the weld penetration requirement of laser welding of valve shell in propulsion system,the optimal process parameters were obtained and have been applied successfully.