液体火箭发动机涡轮转子超速离心变形特性研究

Over-speed centrifugal deformation characteristics of turbine-rotor in liquid propellant rocket engine

由于液体火箭发动机涡轮泵运行状态的好坏直接影响发动机的性能和可靠性,所以对其进行超速疲劳试验是检验涡轮泵转子系统高速旋转时稳定性的可靠保证。低温氢转子转速高、动能大,实际工作中又受低温环境、振动等多种复杂因素的影响,给涡轮转子的结构强度和稳定性带来很大挑战。为确保涡轮泵产品运行的稳定性,研究其高速离心时的变形特性对保证涡轮泵产品的结构强度和可靠性具有重要意义。建立了涡轮等部件的有限元模型,研究应力分布和形变特性,在理论研究的基础上开展了试验研究,验证了产品设计的可靠性,为发动机的可靠运转提供保证。

Since the running status of turbopump for liquid propellant rocket engine affects the performance and reliability of the engine directly, it is necessary to perform the over-speed durability test of turbopump to verify the stability of turbopump rotor system and research the over-speed centrifugal deformation characteristics, which can guarantee the structural strength and reliability of the pump. The high-speed low-temperature hydrogen rotor has high kinetic energy, but is affected by low-temperature working environment, vibration and other complex factors, which bring a great influence on the structural strength and stability of turbine-rotor. Finite element models of turbine and other components were built to calculate the stress distribution and deformation characteristics. The reliability was verified by testing. The experimental study was carried out on the basis of theoretical research to provide a guarantee for reliable running of the engine.