丝束位向关系对电子束填丝堆焊焊缝成形的影响

Effect of spatial relationship between beam and wire on weld geometry in electron beam welding

对5种不同丝束空间位向关系下的焊接稳定性及焊缝成形特点进行了研究.结果表明,丝束空间位向关系通过影响焊接过程热量分配及焊丝熔化过渡特性,进而影响焊缝成形.自熔焊、丝束分离及丝束部分相交时,焊接过程稳定,焊缝成形良好,而丝遮挡束与非接触过渡条件下焊接过程不稳定,焊缝成形较差.熔深从大到小规律为自熔焊,丝束分离,丝束部分相交,丝遮挡束,非接触过渡丝束关系;除非接触过渡下的熔宽最小之外,其它关系下熔宽相当;余高从高到低规律为非接触过渡丝束关系,丝遮挡束,丝束分离,丝束部分相交,自熔焊.

The influences of five different spatial relationships between beam and wire on welding stability and weld appearance were studied during electron beam welding. The results show that the spatial relationships between beam and wire could obviously affect the weld appearance by changing the distribution of welding energy and transfer features of filling wire. The welding process was stable and the weld appearance was good in autogenous welding with separated and partially intersecting relationships between beam and wire. Nevertheless,poor stability and weld appearance could occur by the relationships between beam and wire completely intersecting and non-contacting. The weld depth under different spatial relationships between beam and wire could declined as the following sequence: autogenous,separated, partially intersecting, completely intersecting and non-contacting. Meanwhile,the weld width under non-contacting condition was the smallest among all the different relationships,but those under the other relationships had almost the same value. In addition,the weld reinforcement decreased as sequence of non-contacting,completely intersecting,separated,partially intersecting and autogenous welding.