激光扫描焊接工艺对铝合金焊接气孔率的影响

Effects of laser scanning welding process on porosity rate of aluminum alloy

以6061铝合金为研究对象,研究了激光扫描焊接过程中光束的扫描轨迹、扫描幅度与扫描频率对6061铝合金气孔产生的影响规律.结果表明,与激光非扫描焊接相比,采用光束垂直于焊缝、平行于焊缝和圆形运动3种不同轨迹的扫描方式均有利于抑制铝合金激光焊接气孔的产生,且以光束为圆形轨迹的扫描方式为最佳.光束的扫描幅度及扫描频率对气孔的产生也有重要的影响.采用光束为圆形轨迹的扫描方式,当扫描幅度大于0.65 mm、扫描频率在100~220 Hz范围内时,气孔率可控制在0.5%以内.气孔的产生与焊缝形状有关,减少焊缝深宽比有利于气孔的抑制.

Research of 6061 aluminum alloy was done by using laser-scanning welding. The effects of such scanning parameters as track,width and frequency on porosity tendency were studied. The result showed that laser-scanning welding with the path of vertical,parallel and circular to welds can reduce the porosity of aluminum alloy compared with laser welding without scanning and the circular pattern was the best. The scanning width and scanning frequency of laser also have important influence on porosity,which can be controlled within 0. 5% as the scanning width was greater than 0. 65 mm and scanning frequency was from 100 to 220 Hz. The producing of porosity was associated with weld shape and the lower of depth-to-width ratio of the weld can help to control the porosity.