利用狭形小桩藻净化猪场养殖污水的研究

Purification of piggery sewage with microalgae Characium angustum

在实验室条件下利用狭形小桩藻(Characium angustum)SHOU-F87开展为期23 d的猪场养殖污水净化试验.结果表明:狭形小桩藻在高压灭菌及有效氯消毒的养殖污水中均生长良好.高压灭菌养殖污水中氮磷的去除率随着狭形小桩藻接种密度的增加而升高,在200×104,400×104和600×104cells·mL-1的接种密度下,污水的总氮去除率分别为41.68%,55.54%和64.32%;氨态氮去除率分别为96.88%,96.74%和96.83%;硝态氮去除率分别为3.98%,32.86%和49.13%;总磷去除率分别为90.60%,95.88%和94.69%.在接种密度为600×104cells·mL-1时,与在高压灭菌污水中相比,狭形小桩藻在有效氯消毒污水中具有更高的总氮和硝态氮去除率(p<0.05);氨态氮和总磷的去除率无显著差异(p>0.05).利用猪场养殖污水培养的狭形小桩藻蛋白含量为30.94%-33.67%,且含有丰富的亚麻酸(18∶3n-3)和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA).狭形小桩藻具备净化猪场养殖污水同时生产出单细胞蛋白源及水产动物饲料添加剂的潜在开发价值.

A 23-day experiment on purification of piggery sewage with microalgae Characium angustum SHOU-F87 was conducted under lab condition.The results showed that C.angustum grew well in autoclaved or active chlorine sterilized piggery sewage.The nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in autoclaved piggery sewage increased along with the increasing inoculation density of C.angustum.When the inoculation densities of C.angustum were200×104,400×104and 600×104cells·mL-1,the removal efficiencies on total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus were41.68%,55.54% and 64.32%;96.88%,96.74% and 96.83%;3.98%,32.86% and 49.13%;and 90.60%,95.88% and 94.69% respectively.Compared with those in autoclaved piggery sewage,C.angustum in active chlorine sterilized piggery sewage displayed higher removal efficiencies on total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen(p<0.05).There was no significant difference in removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus between the microalgae in autoclaved and microalgae in active chlorine sterilized piggery sewage(p>0.05).C.angustum cells cultured in piggery sewage had protein of30.94% ~ 33.67% and abundant 18∶3n-3 and other n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.It is therefore suggested that C.angustum could be applied for effective purification of piggery sewage coupling with production on single cell protein and feed additive for aqua-animal.