废旧锌锰电池锌锰元素的分析表征

Characterization of Zn and Mn in spent Zn-Mn batteries

为了解废旧锌锰电池的锌锰元素特征,以废旧碱性(A-A)和酸性(Zn-C)电池为研究对象,采用化学分析、BCR连续萃取技术、SEM-EDS和XRD等手段对拆分的电池正、负电极材料中的锌锰元素进行了分析表征.实验表明:废旧碱性(A-A)电池中Mn、Zn分别占到正极材料质量的49.2%、10.3%,以Zn Mn2O4四方体锌锰矿结构晶体存在;Zn占负极材料的52.5%,以Zn O晶体存在;废旧酸性(Zn-C)电池混合电解质中,Mn、Zn各占41.8%和25.2%,分别以Zn Mn2O4、Mn O2、Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O和Zn(NH3)2Cl2等晶体存在.BCR处理结果显示,A-A电池正极和Zn-C电池混合电解质中,Mn主要为残渣态较难酸释,而A-A电池负极中的Zn易于回收.

The aim of this paper is to characterize Zn and Mn of spent alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries by using chemical analysis,BCR analysis,SEMEDS and XRD analysis after having dismantled the batteries into the anode and cathode components. Experimental results have shown that,Mn and Zn accounted for 49.2% and 10.3% of the mass of anode material in spent alkaline batteries respectively,and they were present as hetaerolite( Zn Mn2O4) in the tetragonal hausmannite-type structures. Zn accounted for 52.5% in the cathode material in the form of Zn O. In contrast,in spent zinc-carbon batteries,Mn and Zn accounted for 41.8% and 25.2% of the mass of hybrid electrolytes,and they existed in the form of Zn Mn2O4,Mn O2,Zn5( OH)8Cl2·H2O and Zn( NH3)2Cl2. BCR experiment indicated that Mn of anode material in alkaline batteries and hybrid electrolytes in zinc-carbon batteries were present almost entirely as residual which was difficult to extract by using acidolysis method; however,Zn of the cathode material in A-A batteries was liable to recycle.