接种微生物菌剂对枸杞枝条基质化发酵品质的影响

Effects of inoculation microbial agent on fermentation quality of wolfberry branches for substrate production

为探讨接种微生物对枸杞枝条基质化发酵品质的影响,采用随机区组设计,以干燥鸡粪和尿素为氮源,进行了接种外源微生物对枸杞枝条基质化发酵性能参数的影响试验.结果表明:接种粗纤维复合益菌、锯末专用复合菌和纤维素类复合酶堆体升温速度快,高温持续时间较长(高于55℃,分别达到9、5和5 d);至发酵80 d时,堆体总有机碳分别下降了8.46%、7.43%、8.06%,C/N值分别降低7.48、6.99、6.23,全氮分别为17.1、17.2、16.2 g·kg-1,全磷分别为5.1、5.2、5.0 g·kg-1,全钾分别为16.5、16.3、16.4 g·kg-1,均显著高于其他处理,且3种菌剂间无显著差异,容重分别增加了1.10%、0.91%、1.20%,总孔隙度分别增加了9.78%、10.45%、10.51%,持水孔隙度分别增加了6.21%、5.36%、8.80%,瓜菜种子发芽指数(GI)均高于85%,腐熟后的各项理化指标基本达到栽培基质的要求.综合基质的发酵温度、腐熟周期和基质保护作物根系生长及固定植株的功能对基质各项理化性质的要求,接种粗纤维复合益菌、锯末专用复合菌和纤维素类复合酶更适合枸杞枝条基质化处理.

To investigate the effects of inoculating microbe on the quality of substrate generated from the wolfberry branches ferment,we fermented the wolfberry branches inoculated with exogenous microbes and tested fermentation performance-related indexes to examine how the microbe functioned. The experiment was conducted based on the randomized block design with chicken manure and urea as the nitrogen sources. The results showed that when inoculating the crude fiber specialized composite bacteria,the sawdust specialized composite bacteria and the cellulose composite enzyme to the wolfberry,the ferment pile had a higher heating rate and a longer duration with high temperature( 9 d,5 d and 5 d respectively with temperature higher than 55℃). To the 80 th day of the ferment,the total organic carbon content of the ferment pile decreased by 8. 46%,7. 43% and 8. 06%,and the rate of C ∶N decreased by 7. 48,6. 99 and 6. 23,respectively. The total nitrogen contents were 17. 1,17. 2 and 16. 2 g·kg- 1,the total phosphorus contents were5. 1,5. 2 and 5. 0 g·kg- 1,and the total potassium contents was 16. 5,16. 3 and 16. 4 g·kg- 1,respectively,all of which were significantly higher than other treatments. However,there were no significant differences among the three treatments. In addition,the bulk density of the ferment pile increased by1. 10%,0. 91%,and 1. 20%,the total porosity increased by 9. 78%,10. 45% and 10. 51%,and the water holding porosity increased by 6. 21%,5.36%,8. 80%,respectively. The melon seed germination index( GI) all reached higher than 85%,indicating that the decayed fermentation products met the requirements of the growing media in terms of the physicochemical index. Therefore,considering the physicochemical index of substrate required by the fermentation temperature and decay period and the functions of substrate on fixing plants and protection plant root growth,inoculating microbial agent such as the crude fiber specialized composite bacteria,the sawdust specialized composite bacteria and the cellulose composite enzyme would be moresuitable for the wolfberry branches fermented into substrate.