非汉语环境下文化教学内容的分类与选择——以《泰国中学汉语课程大纲》为例

Classification and Selection of Culture Teaching Content in a Non-Chinese Language Context: Based on “Chinese Course Syllabus for Middle Schools in Thailand”

在非汉语环境下的文化教学与汉语环境下的文化教学具有不同的特点,本文围绕《泰国中学汉语课程大纲》的研制,结合泰国外语教学中的文化目标,提出在选择文化内容时宜紧密结合汉语句型,从语言出发,提取、概括那些学习者要顺利完成交际任务必备的文化要素,在此基础上初步构建适合不同语言水平的学习者的文化内容的教学体系。本文以中外文化教学研究成果为基础,对文化教学内容的分类提出了自己的看法,并总结了非汉语环境下文化内容选择的两个出发点:关注与语言形式密切结合的行为文化,关注文化对比。

Culture teaching in a non-Chinese context is different from that in the Chinese context. With a focus on the development of the 'Chinese Course Syllabus for Middle Schools in Thailand' and in light of the cultural objectives of foreign language teaching in Thailand, this article holds that the selection of culture teaching content should be closely connected with Chinese sentence patterns and the language itself, and that the cultural elements extracted and summarized should be the ones essential for students' completion of communicative tasks, based upon which, a culture teaching system should be established for students with different language competences. Learning from the research findings on culture teaching in China and abroad, this article puts forward a personal viewpoint on the classification of culture teaching content and summarizes the two emphases in selecting culture teaching content in a non-Chinese context: behavioral culture closely connected with language forms and cultural comparison.